Apparatus for actuating liquids.



PATBNTED MAY 22, 1906.

R. GONRADER. APPARATUS FR AGTUATNG LIQUIDE.

APPLIOATION FILED DBG. 24, 1902.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

/zz razz fn 0%( PATENIED MAY 22, 1906.

R. GONRA-DER. APPARATUS POR ATUATING LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED 13110.24, 1902.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

EATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

APPLICATION FILED DEO. 24, 1902.

SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED MAY 22, 1906;

R. GONRADER.

APPARATUS PUR AGTUATING LIQUIDS.

APELIOATION FILED 1320.24, 1902.

Z l/ a wif v PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

A. GONRADAA. APPARATUS POA AGTUATAAG LAQUADA APPLIOJLLTION FILED DBO. 211k, 1002.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6,

PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

APPLICATION FILED 13130.24, 1902.

. maintenance of a certain measure of liquids V .chamber on the llii S ATEN FFT@ i :va senese.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 22, 1906.

Application tiled December 24, 1902. Serial No. 136.431.

To (LZ whom I? rit/L7; concern/.f

Be it known that I, RUDOLPH CONRADER, a citizen of the .lUnited States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful lm-L rovements in Apparatuses for Actuating iquids, tion.

This invention relates to apparatuses for actuating liquids; and it consists in certain imlprovements in the construction thereof, as w1 l be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

The invention is peculiarly adapted for raising liquids from Wells, and especially effective with oil-wells or wells in which the is desirable.

The inventionV isillustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:

Figure 1 shows a section of the lower end of the pump-chamber on the lines 1 1 in Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 2 shows 4a section on the line 2 2 in Fig: 1. Fig. 3 shows a section on the line 3 3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section of a quarter of a portion of the pump-chamber on the lines 4 4 in Figs. 6, 7, 11, and 12; Fig. 5 is a similar view of a portion of the pumplines 5 5 in Figs. 6, 7, 11, and 12. Fig. 6 is a top view of the ump-chamber. Fig. 7 shows'a section on the line 7 7 in Figs. 4, 5, and 10. Fig. 8 is a section on the lines 8 8 in Figs. 6, 7, 11, and 12. Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9-9 in Figs. 4, 5,'and 8. Fig. 10-shows a section on the lines 10 10 in Figs. 6, 7, 11, and 12. Fi 11 shows a section onthelines 11 11- in i s. 4,5, and 10. Fig. 12 shows a section on t e line 12'12 in Figs. 4, 5, and 10.' Fig.'13 shows a section of the parts above the pump-chamber on the lines 13 13 inFi 1 4 and 15. Fig. 14 shows a section on thelisne 14 14 in Fig. 13. Fig. 15 shows a section o'n the line 15 15 in Fig. 13. Fig. 16 shows a side elevation, partly in section, of 'the mechanism at the top of the well or end ofthe eduction-tube.

In the general operation of. the apparatus liquid entering thepumpmhamber ordinarily vthrough the action of gravity puts in motion the mechanismfor admitting to the pump'n chamber above the liquid an 'actuating Huid,`

ordinarily air. In the preferred construction the air forces the liquid from the chamber by a following action of the air through the lift. Upon the arrival of the liquid at the end of the eduction-tube the air is cut" off. The

of which the following is a specificapump-chamber. This, as before stated, is

particularly advantageous in oil-wells in that it will keep them at the desired level at all times.

A marks the pumpechamber. This is preferably formed of a piece of tubing of a length sufficient to form a column of liquid inthe eduction-tube equal to what the air-pressure will readily handle. The liquid enters the perforated tube B. This is secured to a bottom tubeB, which is screwed ontothe end of the chamber. The bottom plate is provided with a diaphragm B2, on which is arranged the check-valves B3.

As the pump is being put in place or if there is any accident to the pump the pumpchamber will be subjected to the pressure of the accumulated liquid in the Well. This accumulation sometimes amounts tof several hundred feet. To obviate the effect of this in the chamber, I provide thel following mechanism: A short joint C is secured in. the tube formin the chamber A. This is provided with t e lugs c. The diaphragm C is secured to these-lugs by means ofthe screws c. rlhe diaphragm is provided with the opening c2, 4so that the pump-chamber atV both sides of it are in communication. A pressure device, comprising the cylinder C2 and piston C3, is mounted onthe under side of the diaphragm 1C. The upper end of the c linder is in connection with the air-supply t ough the pipe C4, Fi s. 1 and 7, and assage C11. The under si e of the cylinder 1s in communication with -the`upper`end ofthe pump-,chamber bggmeans of a pipe C. The stem C5 passes t ough the stuing-box C", through the late B2, and is secured to the valve C3. -T e valve C is arranged to control the inlet-passage C". Thev gland C7 is mounted on the diaphragm B2. The rod C5 passes through this gland. A s ring C12 pressesxthe valve @sto its seat. ler1-the throu h the pi e Cf* to the upper end of the cylin er C2. he iston C3 is of suflieient area to overcome t e pressure on the valve CB under any ordinary conditions. Imme' air is turned into the apparatus, it is carried diately, therefore, the air is turned on the valve Cs is opened through the action of the pressure device. Liqui then enters the pump-chamber.A Through the action of the apparatus hereinafterdescribed 4the entering liquid turns the air into the pump-chamber.

IIO

As soon as the air in the pump-chamber balances the air passing through the pipe C4 thev sprin C12, together with the pressure of the l1 ui outside the ump-chamber, closes the va ve C2. This-va ve, as will be noted, acts more in the relation of a safety device rather than as a necessary feature of the pumping apparatus when the pump is working with t e' liquids at ordinary levels.

The liquid is forced out of the chamber throu h an eduction-tube D, and, as before state in the preferred construction the liquid is carried through the lift by a Jfollowing action ofthe air through the lift. The operating mechanism in the pump-chamber is mounted onl the under side of the top plate A. (See Figs. 5, 6, 8, and 10.) The float- F, which is initially actuated by the incoming liquid to eiiect the turning on of the air, is arranged in a contracted passage E5, the bottom of the passage being open. This passage communicates with the vent E2, which is 1n communication with the eduction-tube through the passage E4.' A valve E controls this assage. The valve o erates u on the seat and is normally he d away om its seat by means of the sprin E3 and its gravity. The float is preferaby formed o'f` several tubes,l as shown especia ly in Figs. 7 and 12. As the li uidrises in the pump-chamber it raises thefloat' F. The mechanism hereinafter described turns the air into the chamber. The assage E5 and vent E2 forming a free exit or the air, the level of the liquid in the passage E5 .immediately rises, and so increases the effect of the liquid upon the viioat. As soon as the iioat is raised suiiiciently to effect the purpose it contacts and closes the valve. E. The eduction-tube `D is of suiiicient length below the connection E4 to cause sufcient friction to effect a pressure at the connection E4 less than that exerted upon the under side of the valve E. As a result the valve vE remains on its seat until the liquid in the eduction-tube has passed by the connection E4, when the eduction-tube offering so much less frictional resistance to the air there 1s an immediate balancing effect on the valve 4 The valve then opens, and the air following the li uid through the lift passes not onl throug the eduction-tube D, ut through t e passage E5. It will also be noted that these parts are then in position for the succeeding operation of the pump.

The main valve is actuated by a pressure device hereinafter described. The loat F controls thepassage which initially operates this pressure device, as follows: The lever f is pivoted at f'. (See Figs. 4, 8, and 9.) The pivot is supported by the yoke f 2, and the yoke is supported by the pipes f 4 and f 3. The pipe f3 is secured in a depending portion of the top A', containing the passage G2.- (See Figs. 8 and 10.) The chamber H is arranged above the top A', which is in direct connecthe strainer I".

bottom of this bushing I6 is a spider i', havopening of the top A', carryin tion with the air-supply. The end of the lever f opposite that secured to the float F carries va rod G. This rod carries the valve-stem G', on which is arranged the valve g.l The valve operates on the valve-seat g4 and controls the passageG2. arranged in the socket g in the end ofthe rod -A pin g2 secures the valve-stem in the socket or preferably permits it to rotate therein. The valve-stem passes through the bushing The mam valve' I4 (see Figs. 5 and 10) is actuated by a pressure device comprising the chamber I and piston I'. The chamber I communicates with the passage G2 by passage gs, these passages 4formin a by-pass The valve-stem G' is,

from the chamber'H. A stem 2 communlcates the action ofthe piston to the valve I4. The stem passes through the bushing I3. The valve I4 operates on the seat I5. The bushing Ie is screwed into the cap A .and carries (See Figs.l 5 and 6.) At the ing the passages '5.3, which communicate with the valve-chamber I1". The valve I4 operates on the seat I5. Air passes through the I8 into the pump-chamber. The stem I2 has the extension/i, which passes through the spider, i. This forms a guide for the valve. The spring i2 is arrange around the extension-t and tends to force the valve I4 to its seat. extends from the passage G2 to the chamber Il. A minute vent i4 extends through the piston I. This vent is relatively so much smaller than the passage g5 that substantially the initial pressure 'of the air is exerted on the piston. A passage if extends from the upper end of the chamber I to an exhaust-passagel J. The exhaust-passage is formed 1n a depending portion of the casting A. Apipe J extends the exhaust up out of the pum -chamber and chamber H and preerably eads to the top of the well for purposes hereinafter described. The operation of this part loi? the mechanism-is as follows: The air is turned into the chamber I through the action of the float on the valve g. This air-pressure immediately eiects a movement of the piston II and the opening of the valve I4. This turns the air into the pump-chamber and forces liquid therefrom through the eduction-tube. As soon as the level of the liquid in the chamber is lowered through this action the float of course goes with it, and this closes the valve g.

In order to continue the pressure in the chamber I after the closing` of the valve g, I provide the .following mechanism: A second passage K3 to the chamber I is arranged in..a

ushing K2. The bushing K2 is secured in the upper end of an extension K, which is screwed into theed of the depending branch the main-'valve mechanism. The valve controls the passage An auxiliary passage Inl IOS IIO

K3, and a passage K4 connects the passage K3 i with the passage C11. The passage C is in the casting ldepending from the top A and extends into the chamber H and is therefore at all times in communication with the air* supply. The valve-stem k2 of the valveK is carried bythe piston 7c', This piston operates in a chamber 7c. in the extension K. The spring k normally holds the piston in its upward position and the valve K to its seat. A passage calextends from the'upper end of the chamber 7c into a pipe 7c, which extends to the upper end of the pump-chamber. y As soon, therefore, as the air is turned into the lpump-chamber air .passes through the pipe 4 and the passage `3 and operating on the piston 7c opens the valve K. This puts the chamber I in communication with the airsupply through the passages K3, K4, and C, so that pressure is maintained in the chamber lI after the closing of the valve g.4 This pressure is maintained until the liquid arrivesat the end ofthe eduction-tube-- Ifno mechanism is arranged at the end'V of the eductiontube, the` air will exhaust through thereduction-tube after the expulsion of a part of the liquid, soas to reduce the pressure in the pump-chamber. With this reduction of pressure the spring 7c is of sufficient strength to move thepiston c, and thus close the valve K. Immediately upon the `closing of the valve K air exhausts from the chamber I through the vent i* and passage i5, and the main valve is closed through the action of the spring i? and the air-pressure upon it. In order to assure a marked reduction of the pressure `in the chamber, as just described, I provide a reduced passagel (see Fig. 13) of suitable length, so that the friction in that passage will be sufficiently great in comparison to the :frictionV in the eduction-tube to effect the reduction in the ump-chamber. In order to adjust the spring if so as to operate properly with `different air-pressures, I provide the adjusting-screw k7. This has the shoulder 7125, on which the s rin rests, and the stem k with the squared) eng, and this stem passes through 4the gland les. With this means the spring may be adjusted so as to act. upon a reduction of pressure in the chamber and still not prevent the action of the piston 7c with the initial pressure in the pump-chamber. It will also be noted that the spring may be adjusted so that a certain amount of expansion may be utilized-that is, it may be adjusted so as to act with a reduction in the pump-chamber incident to the reduction of pressure by the passage of a portion of the column of liquid from the `eduction-tube.

I will summarize the operation of the device so far as described. lThe air beingturned on operates upon the pressure device, comprising the chamber C2 and piston C, (see Fig.

tube, and as there 1s a vent through the passage E2 the li uid rises in this passage and lifts the floatg, thus closing the valve E to the vent. The float then drops back to the level of the liquid and eventually closes the valve g. Before this occurs, however, there issuflicient pressure in the chamber to operate the piston c, the air passing to the cham ber k through the pipes .7a4 and assage 7c3. The piston c operates the valve K', and thus opens into the chamber I a passage from the air-su ly by way of the passages C, K4, and K3.' Y e main valve is therefore maintained in its open position until there is a balancing of the pressure on the piston I. This may be accomplished, as heretofore described, by the closing of the 'valve K and the escape of air through the vent i4, so thatatniospheric pressure may be exerted on both sides of 'the piston, thus allowing the spring i2 to close the main valve. The air as soon as it reaches a position in the eduction-tube opposite the connection E4 will balance Athe pressure on the valve E, and, thus permit the spring Eto open the valve. Immediately the air is turned onto the chamber it will be noted that the pressure on the piston C3 balanced through the action of air conveyed through the pipe C1, thus permitting the closing of the valve C8 bythe spring C12. This brings the parts to thcirinitial position and the deviceis ready for a new operation. It will be noted that as the air-pressure is reduced in the chamber the pressure device will open the valvel C8, so as to permit the entering of a fresh charge of liquid. The @duction-tube is screwed into a depending portion D of the casting A. An extension D2 (see Fig. 13) is screwed into this casting from the upper sido. The upper end of the extension D2 lits in a sleeve a, cast in the extension This oxtension A2 is secured on a collar or threaded bushing a. The bushing a is screwed into the tube forming the chamber A and against the tube A. As the extension A2 is being secured the bushing D2 extends into the sleeve af. A bushing D3 is screwed into the extension D2, and the 'eduction-tube D, which leads to the top, screwed into this. An. air-pipe li surrounds the eduction-tube- `'Une of the couplings L of the air-pipe Lis provi-ded with the by-pass l. The lower end of the air-pipe is screwed into the sleeve a and is closed by the extension D2. The by-pass Z leads into the contracted pipe l. The pipe Z leads into the chamber I'I. The pipe Z is of a size relative to the eduction-tube to cause sufficient IOO friction to reduce the after'the expulsion o liquid in the eductiontube for the purpose heretofore described.

I prefer to utilize the expansive force of the air to its fullest extent by cutting off the air immediately the top of the column of liquid reaches the top of the lift. If'there is suflicient air-pressure to eHect this result, then with the ordinary-length of pipe the expansiveforce will be sufhcient to expel the col-v umn of liquid, for the reason that as the air is expanded the column of liquid will groW less, and consequently re uire less ressure to expel it. I have provi ed a mec anism for accomplishing this, as follows: The end of the eduction-tube DA44 leads to a float-chamber N, and an outlet N4 leads from the iioat-chamber. The float N is arranged in the floatchamber. The stem 'n extends upwardly from the float throu h a gland N2, and the guide-stem n extends down from the iioat through a gland N2. A valve mechanism M is supported by a bracket M. It is connected by the pipe M2 with the air-supply L2. It is also connected With the exhaust-pipe J The valve m controls a passage to the atmos-v phere leading from the exhaust-passage J. A spring m tends to close this valve. A valve m2 controls a passage leading from the pipe M2, and the spring m3 keeps this valve normally closed. A stem m4 extends from the valve m and a stem m5 from the valve m2. Abell-crank lever m8 is carried by the, bracket m6 and is arranged to operate the stem m4. The bell-crank lever m2 is carried by the bracket m2 and is arranged to operate upon the stem A spool n3 is arranged upon the stem n and engages the lever ms to operate it. A similar spool n2 operates upon the lever fm2. It will be noted that the floatchamber N is inverted, so that the air acting upon the liquid in it will expel all the liquid from the float-chamber. Therefore after each operation the float N Will be in the bottom of the chamber. This Will carry the bell-crank lever m9 out of contact With the stem m5, and the bell-crank lever ms will be in osition to effect the opening of the`valve m,

so that the exhaust-pipe J Will be incommunication with the atmosphere. These parts remain in this position duringy the operation of the/mechanism in the pump-chamber, 'as heretofore described, and remain in this positionuntil the' top `of the column of liquid reaches ,the float-chamber. The float rises in the liqduid, and this permits the valve m to close an forces open the valve m2 through the operation of the bell-crank lever. This action connects the-air-supply, through the pipe M2, valve m2, exhaust-pipe J', exhaustpassage J, and passage t5, with the upper end'` of the chamber I, and thus effects an immediate balanci of pressure on the piston I and the closing o the main valve. There is sufiressure in the chamber cient expansive force in the air to complete the'expulsion of the liquid.

It is preferable to have the bottom of the chamber- 7c in communication With the exhaust-pipe both for taking care of any leakage through the piston and to prevent any compression of air in the chamber. The exhaust-passage J isv extended by a pipe This connects the exhaust through the passage j with the bottom of the chamber lc. To prevent the accumulation of liquid through leakage or otherwise in the exhaust-passage, I provide an escape-valve ja at the bottom of the exhaust-passage j. ranged in the valve-chamber j2 and has double faces, one arranged'to operate to close the passage j and the other to close the outletpassage j When air is turned into the chamber, it operates upon the valve ja and closes the passage j. As soon as the pressure is turned onto the exhaust-passage or as soon as the pressure in the chamber is exhausted the valve drops back to the seat to close the passage "4. This permits the escape of liquid from t e exhaust-passage to the chamber j2, and upon the next operation Whatever accumulation there may be passes through the passage j* into the pump-chamber.

It will be noted that the pump is fully operative Without the float and the valve g Wherethe level of liquid entering the pumpchamber is such as to create pressure in the pump-chamber as it enters. Where this is the case, the air trapped in the chamber by the entering liquid will create sufficient pressure on the piston k to actuate it and open the valve K. Of course upon a reduction of This valve is arthe pressure in the chamber or the balancing v of the pressure on the piston lc the operation would be the same as Where the float mechanism is present. can be ,utilized Where the pressure is quite slight by adjusting the spring k so as to permit the action of the piston k with such pressure.

It will be noted that should the liquid in the Well through any cause rise in the eduction-tube to such a height that this column added to the column produced by the volume of liquid contained in the pump-chamber should be too great to be elevated by the airpressure used the by-pass E4 and its communicating passages Will act as a relief, so that the liquid above this passage may be lifted separately from the balance of liquid in the chamber. If, for example, one-half the liquid in the pump-chamber has been forced into, the eduction-tube by the air-pressure and at this point the column of liquid balances the air-pressure, the movement of li uid in the eduction-tube Will cease, and Wit this cessation ofl movement the friction on the eduction-tube Will also cease, so that This mode of operation IIC ., the combination with a uid in said operation l actin independently aaneen there will be a balancin valve E. The valve wil open and the air will pass bythis valve into the eductionstube, cutting off the column at this point andeievating it, and on the next the liquidl will be elevated from the chamber. It will also'be noted that this is done automatically through the action of the fluid-pressure and thro-ugh this action carries out successive columns.

Vlhat I claim as new is 1. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means forc'onveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by theliquid entering the cham'- ber for opening'said connection; and means of the liquid in said cham er for closing said connectlon.

2. In an ap'paratusfor actuatin liquids, the combinatlon with a pump-chamber;

of pressure on the means for admitting liquid to said chamber means `for conveying liquid from said chamber, by a following action Ithrough the 'lift of an actuating Huid; a connectlon between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; meanscontrolled by the liquid enterh ing the chamber for opening said connection; and means actingindependently ,of the liqchamber for closing said connection. 4 i d "3. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber;

means for conveyingliquid from said cham? ber; a connection between said chamber and `ing the chamber a source of actuatin`g-fluid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the llquid enter# for opening said connection ;f

and means acting inde in said chamber forc 4. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combinatlon With a pum -chamberg means for admitting liquid to sald chamber; means for conveying liquid from saidv chamber, bye following action throu h the lift of an actuating fluid a connection etween said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid su endently of the liquid ly; means controlled by the gravity ofv t ev liquid enteringthe chamber for'opening said connection; and means acting independently of the liquid in said chamber for closing said connection.

5*. In an apparatus for actuating liquids,

' a pump chamber;

ber; aconnecti on between said chamber and -a source of actuating-'Huid supply; a float arranged in said chamber; means actuated bythe float for" effecting the o connection; and means acting independently of said Heat for closing said connection.

osing said connection. 4

pening of's'a. d'

then immediately fthe combination wv means for conveying 6. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, ?th a pump -chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said charn-v ber by a following action throuvh the-liftl of an actuating fluid a connection between said chamber and a source of actuatn -luid sup ply; a fioat arranged in sad cham er means actuated by the float for effecting the opening of said connection; and means acting independently of said float for closing said connection.

7. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with' a pump-chamber; means for adi itting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-find supply; means controlled by the liqud entering the chamber for openin -said connection; and means actuated at t e arrival of the liquid forced from safdchamber at a point remote fromsaid chamber for closing `said connection.

8l In an apparatus for actuating liquids', the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid tosad chamber; means forconve'ying liquid from said chamber by a following action throu l1 the lift of an 4actuating fluid; a connection etween said chamber and a source'of; actuating-fluid sup- 9 5 ply; means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for o eni said connection; and means actuate at the arrival of theliq uid forced from said chamber at a point remote .from said chamberl for clos, ng said connection'.

9. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with 'al pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; l means for conveying liquid yfrom said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-Huid. supply; .means controlled by the gravity ofthe liquid entering the chamber for opening sad connection; and means actuated at the arrival of the liquid forced from said chamber at a point remote from said chamber for closing said connection.

' 10. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, thel .combination kwith' a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; liqud from said chamaction through, thelift ber; by. a following p a connection between of an actuating fluid;

said chamber and a source of actuatingdiuid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the liquid entelzng the chamber for opening said connection; and means actuated at the arrival of the l' quid forced from said chamber at a poi nt remote from 4said' chamber for closing said connection.

11. In, an 'apparatus for actuating liquids, the combi' nation with a pump-chamber i means for admitting liquid to sad chamber; means for conveying liquid from said cham- .ber by a following action throu an actuating iiuid; a connection between said ber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-'fluid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; and means acting independentlyof the liquid in the chamber and at the arrival of the liquid forced from said chamber at a point remote from said chamber for closin said connection.

12. In an apparatus or actuating liquids, the combination with a pump -chamber; means fgiadmitting liquid to said chamber; means -fo conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action through the lift of an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-huid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; and means acting independently of the li uid in the chamber and at the arrival of the quid forced from said chamber at a point r'el mote from said chamber for closing said connection.

13. In an apparatus the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-huid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the liquid enter,-`

ing the c amber for opening said connection; and means acting independently of the'li uid. in the chamber and at the arrival of the quid forced from said chamber at a point remote from said chamber for closing said connection.

14. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said cham- Gh, the lift of chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the iquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; and means acting independently of the li 'd in the chamber and at the ar rival of the liquid forced from said chamber at a poi' nt remote from said chamber for closing saidconnection.

`15. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; 4a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; a float in said chamber; means actuated by said iioat for effecting the openin of said connection; and means actuated at tghe arrival of the liquid forced from said chamber at a point re` mote from said chamber for closing said connection.

t 16. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber;

means for admitting liquid to said chamber;

means for conveying liquid from said cham for acutating liquids chamber and a source of 'the-chamber for openn .i 'quid in the chamber for closing sai ber; by a following action through the lift of an actuating iluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-Huid supply; a float in said chamber; means actuated by said float for effecting the opening of said connection; and means actuated at the arrival of the liquid forced from said chamber at a point remote from said chamber for closing said connection.

17. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between-said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by the liquid enterin the chamber for opening said connection; anigi means arran ed at said chamber and actuated by an equa izing pressure thereon and independently of the liquid in the chamber for closing said connection.

18. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a -pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; by a following action through the lift of an actuating fluid; a connection between said actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; and means arranged at said chamber .and actuated by an equalizing pressure thereon and independently of the liquid in the chamber for closing said connection.

.19. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination 4with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for carrying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and f a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by thevgravity of the liquid entering A said connection;an

means arranged atsai chamber and actuated by an equalizing. pressure thereon and independently of the liquid in thechamber for closing said connection. i

. 20. In an apparatus for .actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber;

`means for admitting liquid to said chamber;

.means for conveying liquid from said chamber; by a following action through the lift of. an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source o f actuating-huid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the liquid entering the chamber for openingi said connection; and means arranged at sai chamber and actuated by an equalizing ressurethereonand independentliybf the vconnection.

21. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and IIO YZO

equalizin be actuated directly by actuating fluid.

Vfrom the chamber for closing sai connection.

4means for conveying liquid means for conveyingliquid senese a source of actuatinguid supply means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; and means actuated by an equalizing pressure incident to the Aarrival of the liquid at a oint remote 22. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means `for admitting liquid to said chamber;

from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled bythe liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; and means ar ranged at the chamber and actuated by an;

pressure incident to the arrival of the liqui at a point remote from'the chamber for closing said connection.

23. In an .apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber;

from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source-of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the liquid enterin the chamber for opening said connection; an means actuated by an equalizing ressure incident to the arrival of the liqui at a oint remote from tlze chamber for closing sai con-l nection.

24. ln an apparatus `for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from .said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuatingfiluid supply and mech anism comprising a pressure evice actuated by fluidressure in the chamber for holding open sai connection. i

25. In an apparatus fory actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber, by a following action through the lift of an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-:Huid supply; and mechanism comprising a pressure device actuated by fluid pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection.

26. ln an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from `said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; mechan ism comprising a pressure device actuated by fluid-pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection; and' a connection between said pressure device and the top of the chamber wherebyfsaidl pressure device may 27. ln an apparatus foractuating liquids, the combinatlon with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chammeans for conveying liquid from said cham# ber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-iluicl-supply; mechanism comprising a pressure device actuated by Huid-pressure in the chamber for holding `open said connection; means acting at the arrival of the liquid at apoint remote from the chamber for equalizing the pressure on said pressure device to effect the closing of said connection." r

29. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combinatlon with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber;

means for conveying liquid from said chamber.; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; a valve controlling said connection; a pressure' de vice controlling said valve; anauxiliary valve cont-rolling the admission of actuating iluid to said pressure'device; a motor controlling said auxiliary valve, said motor be ing arranged to be actuated bv a fluid-presi sure in the chamber during the expulsion oi liquid.

3G, In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with .al pumpchamber; means for admitting liquid to saidchamber; mweans for conveying liquid from said chamberby the following action through the lift oi the actuating .fluid a connection between Said chamber andy a source supply a valve controlling said connection; a pressure device controlling said valve; an auxiliary valve controlling the admission of actuating fluid to said ,ressure device; and a motor controlling sai auxiliary valve, said motor beingrarranged to be actuated by a fluid-pressure in the chamber during the eX- pulsion of liquid from said chamber.

31. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber;

means Jfor admitting liquid to said chamber;

means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a4 source or" actuating-iluid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering thcchamber for opening said connection; mechanism actuated byfluid-pressure in the chamber for holdin open said connection.

3,2. n an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; meansior admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action through 'the lift of of actuating-fluid v IOO IOS

ITS

ply; means controlled by the liquid entering A the chamber for opening said connection;

' mechanism actuated by fluid-pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection.

33. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; meaans for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled'by gravity of the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; mechanism actuated by Huid-pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection.

34. In an apparatus for actuating liquids; the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-Huid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the cham-4 ber foropening said connection; mechanism actuated by Huid-pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection; and means for equalizing the pressure on said mechanism to close the connection.

35. In an apparatus Jfor actuating liquids; the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting. liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid Jfrom said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-huid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber Jfor opening said connection; mechanism actuated by fluid-pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection; and means acting independently of the liquid in the chamber for equalizing the pressure on said mechanism to close the connection.

36. In an apparatus for actuating liquids; the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for 'conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action through the lift of an actuating iiuid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; mechanism actuated by Huid-pressure. in the chamber for holding open said connection; and means acting independently of the liquid in the chamber for e ualizing the pressure on said mechanism to c ose the connection.

37. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source ol' actiuiting-fluid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; mechanism actuated by fluid-pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection;

and means acting independently of the liquid in the chamber for e ualizing the pressure on said mechanism to c ose the connection.

38. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between, said chamber and a source of actuating-duid supply; means controlled by the liquid -entering the chamber for opening said connection; mechanism actuated by fluid-pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection; and means actua ted at the arrival of liquid at a point remote from the chamber for e ualizing the pressure of said mechanism to c ose the connection.

39. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump -chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-Huid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; mechanism actuated by fluid-pressure in the chamber for holding open said connection; and means actuated at the arrival of liquid at a point remote from the chamber 'for equalizing the pressure of said mechanism to close the connection.

40. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquids from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-duid supply; a pressure-actuated device controlling the admission of actuating fluid from said connection; a by-pass between said connection and said device; mechanism actuated by the entrance of liq- IOO uid to said chamber for opening said by-pass;

and means for maintaining communication between said connection and device after the closing of said by-pass.

41. In an apparatus for actuating liquids; the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquids from said chamber; a connection between ,said chamber and an actuating-Huid supply; a pressure-actuated device controlling the admission of actuating fluid from said connection; a by-pass between said connection and said device; mechanism actuated by the entrance of liquid to said chamber for opening said by-pa'ss; and means actuated by pressure in the chamber for connecting said connection and device.

42, In an apparatus for actuating liquids; the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquidto said chamber; means for conveying liquids from said chamber by a following action through the litt of an actuatingiluid; a connection between said IIO . chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a

. ated device controlling t e admission of actuating fluid from said connection; a b between said connection and said evice; mechanism actuated by the entrance of liquid to said chamber for opening said by-pass and means actuated by pressure in the chamber for maintaining communication between said connection and device after the closing of said by-pass. i

44. In an apparatus ior actuating liquids, the combination with a pump i -pass means for admitting liquid to sald chamber;

means for conveying liquids from' s aid chamber by a following action through the lift of an actuating luld; a connectlon between said chamberV and an actuating-fluid supply;

the

a" pressure-actuated device controllin admission of actuating fluid from sai connection; a by-pass between said connection and said device; mechanism actuated by the entranceof liquid to said chamber for opening said by-pass; and means actuated by pressure in i the chamber for maintaininu` communication between said connection and device after the closing of saidby-pass.

:45. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber;

means for admitting liquid to said chamber means for conveying liquids from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid suppl la pressure-actuated device controlling t e admission of actuating fluid vfrom said connection; a bypass between saidconnection and said device; a oat arranged in said chamber; mechanism actuated by said float for Vcontrolling said bypass; and means for maintaining communication between said connection and device after theclosing of said by-pass.

46. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combinationI with a pumpchamber; means for admitting'pliquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquids from' said chamber; a connection betweea'said chamber and an actuating-Huid supply; a pressure-actuated device controllingths .admission of actuating Huid from said connection; a by-pass between said connection and said device; mechanism actuated by the entrance of liquid to said chamber for opening said by-pass and means chamber Ation after the closing for maintainin communication between said connection and device after the closing of said by-pass; and means -for balancing the pressure on said device to close said connection.

47. In an apparatus for actuating liquids; the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquids from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and actuating-fluid sup ly; a pressure-actuated device controllingt e admission of actuating fluid from said connection; a by-pass between said connection and said device 5 mechanism actuated by the entrance oi liquid to said chamber for opening said by-pass "and means for maintaining communicatlon between saidV connection and device after the closing oi said by-pass and means acting independently ofthe liquid in the chamber for balancing the pressure on said device to close the connection.

48. In an apparatus for actuating li uid the combination with aA pump cham er; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying .liquids from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a main valve controlling said connection; a pressure-actuated device controlling said main valve; a by-pass V`between said connection and said pressure device; an auxiliary valve controlling said bypass; mechanism for actuating said auxiliar valve; and a second auxiliary .valve control ling the admission of actuating fluids to said pressure device; ,and means for maintaining said second auxiliary valve in its open osivalve.

49. In an apparatus for actuating li uid the combination with a pump cham er; means for admitting liquid vto said chamber; means for conveying liquids fromsaid chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a main valve controlling said connection; a pressure-actuated device controlling said main valve; a by-pass between said connection and said pressure device; an auxiliary valve controlli by-pass; mechanism for actuating saidf auxihary valve; a second auxiliary valve controlling the admission of actuating iiuids to said pressure device a second pressure device controlli said second auxiliary valve; and a connection between said second pressure 4device andthe pump-chamber.

50. In an apparatus for actuating li uid thecombinationI with a pump-cham er; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquids from said chamber bya following action thro h the liftof an actuating fluid; a connection etween said chamber and an actuat' -luid supply; a main valve controlli sald connection; a pressure-actuated device controlling said said IOO

of the rst auxi iary p IIO nd. aux

,main valve a .bypass between; said ,connection andl said Apressuredevice; an auxiliary valve controlling said-.by-pass; mechanism for actuating. said I'auxiliary valve; a .sec-

ond auxiliary valve controlling the admission ofz A actuating liuids lto Lsaid pressure. device al second pressure device controlling said seciaryivalve; and aconnection .be-

tween .said `second .pressure Adevice and the between. said. connection and saidpressure device; an auxiliary valve controlling saidbypass-.mechanism for actuating said. auxiliary valve; a second auxiliary valve controlling a assagel'rom said connection to said pressure evice; a: second pressure device controlling said `second..auxiliary valve ;y a connection between;` said: ,pressure deviceand i the, pumpchamberaandumeans for closing said second auxiliaryvalvefuponreduction of pressure-in the chamber.

52. liban, apparatusiyfor actuatngli uid the. combination iwith a pumpcham er;

-means for admitting rlquid to said chamber;

meansior conve. :liquidsifromsaid chamn `ber;,a connection between. ysaid chamberland an. actuatin iluid;supply;.a main valve controlling sai connection; a pressure-actuated device-'controlling saidmain valve; a by- Vpass Vvbetween .said connection and said pressure device; an auxiliary valve `controlsaid-pbyepass; a loatin said chamber;

means acting with said iioat .forcontrolling auxiliary connection. and device for the vulo'singfof.said auxiliary valve.

- ley-Passi `ing..with.-said :float for-controlling said; auxilses 53. vlncnapparatusior actuating li uid the.l combination with a pump .-.cham er; means-.foradmittiiig liquid to said chamber;

Vmeansionconveying liquids :from said 'chamber; a connection between said chambery and an aotua-tingluid supply; a -main valve oo ntrolling said connection; a pressure-actuated device-controlling said main'valve; a by-.pass between. said connection and saidl `pressure device i an f auxiliary valve controlling. said aloat'insaid chamber; means actiary valve; meansfor-maintainingcominumcation; :between said connection; and ldevice akker the .closing of said auxiliary valve; and

meansactuate at; the 'arrival .off the liquid eguali the rfessure onsaidpressure deme .tom mit-t e-closingo said main valve.

254.111 aiiiapparatus; for actuating 1i uid the y combination with, a pumpecham er; meansrforiadmittingiliq uid tosaidchamber;

ber by a following action throng ian actuating'iiuid; .af-connection vbetween -said chamber and an actuating-huid supply;

an actuatin or .controlling f the. pressure device to*v e means `for conveyingliqui'l from said chamber a connection between said chamber and an actuating-.fluid supply; a main valve-controlling said connection; a pressure-actuated device controlling said main'valve; ahy-pass between said. connection and said pressure device; an auxiliary valve controllingsaid by-pass; azloat in saidchamber; means acting with said oat for controlling said auxil- ,iary valve; and means for maintaining communicationbetweensaid connection and de' lvice after the closin and; means actingin "in .the chamber controlling. said pressure de- I'vice lto close the main valve.

oi said auxiliary valve ependently of the liquid 55. ln anv apparatus. for. actuating liquid means for conveying liquid from `said chainli4 the lift of a main valve controlling said connection;- a pressureactuated device .controlling said main valve; abypass *between said connec- :the combination with a-pump.chamber;

means for. admitting liquid to said chamber;

tion and saidpressure device; an auxiliary l valve controlling said by-.pass a oat in said chamber; means acting with said float for controlling saidauxiliary valve and means for maintaining communication between said-connection andidevice after the closing ofsaid auxiliary valve; and means acting independently of. the ,liquid -in the chamber controlling said pressure device to close the .main valve.

56. In an apparatus forA actuating liquid Vthe -combination with a. pump-chamber;

-means for admitting liquid lto said chamber; means for. conveyingliquids from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-Huid supply; a .main valve controlling said connection; a pressure-actuated device controlling. said main valve; a bypass between said connection and said ressure device; the valvejg controllingv saidy -pass the. stem G extending from said valve; the

rod Gextendin to the lever f carried -in the chamber; and t e iioat F arranged to `operate upon thev lever f.

57;,111 an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with thepump-chamber;

y means Vfor admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and sai connection; a pressure device trol 1mg f the chamber I, lthe piston I concomprisin trollingsaidn alve; a by-vpass to the chamber I; anv auxiliary valve. controlling said: by-

ass; means actuated by, the entering liquid said auxiliary valve; Vand means acting --independently of the liquid iii .the chamber for balancingV the pressure von ect the closing. of the valve I4. i

.ioo

IIO

ln an apparatus tor actuating liquids. the combination with the pump-chamber; means tor admitting liquid to said chamber; means tor conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply: the valve I" controlling said connection; a pressure device comprising the chamber I, the piston l, controlling said valve, said piston being provided with a rvent if* and the chamber with an exhaust-passage i".

5t). In an appa 'atus tor actuating liquids, the combination ot' a punip-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means Yl'or conveying' liquid 'from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-duid supplv; a pressure-actuated device controlling the admission ot' actuated fluid from said connection; the valve K for controlling the admission ot' fluid to said pressure device; anv auxiliar)` pressure device controlling said ralvc ii; a connection between said pressure device and the pumpchamber; and means toracting upon the pressure device t'or closing the valve .li upon'a rcductionot pressure in the chamber.

6U. ln an appa atus tor actuating liquids, the combination ot a pump-chamber; means tor admitting liquid to such chamber; means f'or conveying liquid from said chamber bv a. following action through the lit`t of" an actuating fluid: a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a pressureactuated device controlling the admission of actuated fluid trom said connection; the fal've li. for controlling the admission ol" fluid to said pressure device: an auxiliary pressure device controlling said valve l; a connection between said pressure device and the pump-chamber; and means f'o acting upon the pressure device tor closing the Yalve li upon a reduction of pressure in the chamber.

(31. in an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combina-tion ol a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber: means 'for conveying liquid trom said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a pressure-actuated device controlling the admission ot actuating fluid lfrom said connection; the valve li for controlling the admission ot fluid to said pressure device; an auxiliary lpressure device controlling said valve ii; a connection betweenfsaid pressure device and the pumpchamber; a spring lr acting upon said pressure device; means 'l'o`j adjusting the tension of' said spring; and means ll'or acting upon the pressure device tor closing the valve K upon a reduction ot pressure in the chamber.

G2. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamberi means 't'o .admitting liquid to said chamber; means Vfor conveying liquids trom said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-Huid supplv; the valve l* controlling said connection;l pressure device comprising the chamber l and piston ll t'or actuating said valve; a b v-pass leading to said pressure device; the valve q controlling said by-pass; means actuated b v the entering liquid for actuating the valve g. the t valve l controlling a connect ion l'or supplying actuating tluid to the chamber l; a pressure device comprising the chamber /r and piston r: a connection between the chamber A/c and the pump-chamber.

63. In an appa atus tor actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber lormed otl tubing: a fitting A secured in said tubing forming a 'top t'or said chamber, said fitting carrying the valve mechanism controlling the action ot' the pump; and the chamber il arranged above said tltting and forming a part of the actuating-tluid-supply connection.

t-t. In an appa atus t`o actuating liquids, the combination ot" a punip-chamber; means t'or admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveving liquid lfrom said chamber: a connection between said chamber and a source ot actuating-tluid supplv; thi` 'alve l'l controlling raid connection; the chamber I; the piston ,l a1"anged in said chamber,l the stem I" connecting said piston with the valve 1*: the b v-pass G2; the valve g controlling said liv-pass; connection gf between said b vpass and the chamber l; means actuated b v the entering liquid t'or operating the valve g.' the valve K: a b v-pass ("z passage lx' leading to said valve; a passage li leading trom said Yalve to the chamber l; the chamber r.' the piston /c' therein: the passage lf3.' pipe k" in the upper end otI the chamber.

(i5. ln an apparatus `l'or actuating liquids, the combination ol" a punip-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means .i'or ctmveving liquid trom said chamber; a connection between said chamber aml a source ot actuating-fluid supply: the Yalve I" controlling said connection: the chamber i; the piston .l ar

anged in said chamber; the stem i? connecting said piston with the valve. Il: the b v-pass G2: the valve g controlling said liv-pass; conntction g between said bvpass andthe chamber l: means actuated bv the entering liquid f`or operating the valve l/J the valve li: a fb v-pass passage K leading to said valve, and a passage li leading from said valve to the chamber l; the chamber the piston /r therein: the passage ci; passage /c in the upper end ot' the chamber: the spring lr arranged against the piston /c and the adiusting-stud /c (5G. ln an apparatus tor actuating liquids. t-he combination with a pumpchamber; means 'f'or admitting liquid to said chamber, means for conveyirg liquid 'trom said chamber; a connection between saidchamber and an actuating-Huid supply;` a pressure-:mtu-

IOO

ated device controlling the admission of actuated fluids to said chamber: and means actuated with the pressure in said chamber for controlling the pressure device.

67. In an apparatus for actuating liquids; the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a pressure-actuated device controlling the admission of actul ated fluids to said chamber; means actuated with the pressure in said chamber for controlling the pressure device; a mechanism for adjusting said means to affect a closing at a desired pressure in the chamber.

68. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber: means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating fluid supply; means for conveying energy supplied from a source independent of the liquid and from a point remote from said chamber to said connection at the chamber; means controlled by the energy so conveyed for closing said connection; and means actuated by the fluid forced from said chamber for controlling the energy conveyed.

69. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump e chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action through the liftof an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means for conveying energy supplied from a source independent of the liquid and from a point remote from said chamber to said connection; means controlledby the energy so conveyed for closing said connection and means actuated by the fluid forced from said chamber for controlling the energy conveyed.

70. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a jfollowing action through the lift of an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid suply; means for conveying energy supplied om a source independent of the liquid and from a point remote from said vchamber to said connect-ion at the chamber; means controlled by the energy so conveyed for closing said-connection; and means actuated by the fluid forced from said chamber for controlling the energy conveyed.

71. ln an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means for conveying energy from a point remote from said chamber to said connection; means controlled by the energy so conveyed for closing said connection; means actuated by the fiuid forced from said chamber for controlling the energy conveyed;a'nd means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection.

T2. In an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action through the lift of an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply: means for conveying energy from a point rcmotefrom said cha mber tosaid connection; means controlled by the energy so conveyed for closing said connection; means actuated by the fluid forced from said chamber for controlling the energy conveyed and means con trolled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection.

73. ln an apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pumpchamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber;

means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuatingfluid supply; means for conveying energy from a point remote from said chamberto said connection; means controlled by the energy so conveyed for closing said connection: means actuated by the fluid forced from said chamber for controlling the energy conveyed; and means controlled by the gravity of the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection.

T4. ln au apparatus for actuating liquids the combination with a pumpchamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action through the lift of an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means for conveying energy from a point remote from said chamber to said connection; means controlled by the energy so conveyed for closing said connection; means actuated by the fluid forced from said chamber for controlling the energy conveyed; and means controlled by the gravity of the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection.

75. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; mechanism for closing said connection; a duct for conveying actuating fluid to said mechanism from a point remote from the chamber; means actuated by the fluid forced from said chamber controlling said duct; and means IIO controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection.

76. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chainber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; mechanism for closing said connection; a duct for conveying actuating fluid to said mechanism from a point remote from the chamber; means actuated bythe fluid forced from said chamber controlling said duct; and means controlled by the gravity of the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection.

77. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a puinpchainber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actiiating-fluid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; mechanism arranged at the chamber and actuated by an equalizing of pressure on the mechanism for closing said connection; a duct lead ing from a point remote from said chamber to said mechanism, the duct being arranged to convey actuating fluid to equalize the pressure on said mechanism; and means controlling said duct.

782 In an apparatus for actuating liquids,

the combination with a pump-chamber;u

means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following action through the lift of an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; mechanism arranged at the chamber and actuated by an eruializiiig of pressure on the mechanism for closing said connection; a duct leading from a point remote from said chamber to said mechanism, the duct being arranged to convey actuating fluid to equalize the pressure on said mechanism; vand means controlling said duct.

79. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the lcombination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from saidchamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means actuated by pressure in the chamber maintaining said connection in an open position; mechanism arranged at the chamber and actuated by an equalizing of pressure on the mechanism for closing said connection; a duct leading from a oint *remote from said chamber to said mec anism, the duct being arranged to convey actuating fluid to equal ize the pressure on said mechanism; and means `controlling said duct.

80. In an apparatus for actuating liquids,

the combination with a pump-chamber means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means' for conveyingliquid from said chainber by a following action through the lift of an actuating fluid; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-Huid supply; means actuated by pressure in the chamber maintaining said connection in an open position; mechanism arranged at the c amber and actuated by an equalizing of pressure on the mechanism for closing said connection; a duct leading from a point remote from said chamber to said mechanism, the duct being arranged to convey actuating fluid to equalize the pressure on said mechanism; and means controlling said duct.

81. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuatingfluid supply; means controlled by the liquid entering the cham ber for opening said connection; mechanism arranged at the chamber and actuated by an equalizing pressure for closing said connection; a duct leading from a point remote from said chamber to said mechanism, the duct being arranged to convey actuating fluid to equalize the pressure on said mechanism; means controlling said duct; and means actuated by liquid forced from said chamber for controlling said duct. I

822. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump -chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber;

means for conveying liquid from said chaiiiber; a connection between said chamber and a source of actuating-fluid supply; means controlled by the gravity of the liquid entering the chamber for opening said connection; mechanism arranged at the chamber and ac tuated by an equalizing pressure for closing said connection; a duct leading from a point remote from said chamber to said mechanism, the duct being arrangedto conveyactuating fluid to equalize the pressure on said mechanism; means controlling said duct; and means actuated by liquid forced from said chamber for controlling said duct.

83. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquids from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a pressure-actuated device controlling the admission of actuating fluid from said connection; a by-pass between said connection and said device; mechanism actuated by the entrance of liquid to said chamber for opening said by-pass means for maintaining communication bctween said connection and device after the closing of said by-pass; a duct leading from a point remote from said chamber to said de- IOO IIC

vice,- said duct being-arranged -to convey actuatingfluidto said vdevice and deliver it to 'said'device to balance the pressure thereon;

:and means for controlling said duct.

\ 84.4 In an apparatus vfor actuating liquids, 'the combination 'with a pumpchamber; means for admitting liquid t'osaid chamber; means for conveyingliqui'ds from saidchamber; a connection between said chamber and an;actuating-fluid supply; a pressure-actuated device controlling the admission of actuating-huid r'omsa'id connection; a by-pass between said actuating fluid from said connection; a by-pass between said connection and-said device; mechanism actuated by 4duct/leading romfa point remoteom said chamber to .said device7 -said duct bein A ar# -lranged to convey, actuating fluid to sai de-v -zvice-andfdeliver it to saiddevice to balance -rthe ressure thereon;- and means actuated by 'the iquid forced :from the chamber for controllin said duct.

l-85.= nan apparatus for actuating liquids ithe combination with la pumpchamber; l:means for admitting liquid to said-chamber; 3'

means for conveying' liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and rasource off actuating-fluid supply; means for conveying energy supplied from a source'in- :dependent-of the actuated liquid from a-point remote from said chamber to saidconnection; means .controlled bythe energy so conveyed for closing said connection; 'the float-chamberl-N; means for conveying fluid from said chamber; Ifthe Heat-N in said float-chamber;

and -means controlled by saidiioat for controllin said energy.

ber; a connection between said chamber and 86.'l nan'apparatus for actuating-liquids, the VVcombina-tion with --a pump-chamber; meansfor admitting liquid to said'chamber; -means ierconveying liquid from said charnasource of actuating-fluid supply; mechan- .ismf for closlng saidconnection ;a duct for conveying actuating luid to said-mechanism fromy a Ipoint Iremote from the chamber; 'the float-chamber N arranged in the means for conveying liquid from 'the chamber; the float N. and means actuated by said iioat for controllin saidduct.

87. nan apparatus for actuating liquids7 the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and a-source of actuating-iiuid supply; mechanism' for closing said connection; a duct forming an exhaustpassage and a passage for conveylng actuating fluid to said mechanism;

, the valve yM comprising the valvem opening `to the-.atmosphere the valve m2 opening to a source of actuating-fluid supply; thebellcrank lever m9 for actuating said-valves respectively; the float-chamber N and float N arranged to actuate said bell-crank levers.

88. In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump-chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-Huid supply a valve controlling said connection; means for conveying actuating uid to said pressure device to open the valve; a duct from said pressure device to a point remote from the chamber; and from the opposite part of the pressure devlce from that'on .which pressure is exerted, said duct forming initially an exhaust-passage; lmeans for Vturning an actuating fluid into sald duct to aiiect a counter-pressure on said pressure device to close the valve.

89. In an apparatus for actuating liquids,

.the combination with a pump-chamber;

means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying ber; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a valve controlling said connection; a pressure device controlling said valve; the valve K controlling a connec- .tion to said pressure device; a pressure-actu ated motor controlling said valve K a duct leading from the opposite side of the motor to which pressure is admitted; and means for yturning in an actuating fluid for balancing said pressurefdevice and motor to affect the closing of said valves.

90.1In an apparatus for actuating liquids, the combination with a pump chamber; means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber by a following actionthrough the lift of an actuating iluid; a connection between said chamber and an actuating-fluid supply; a valve controlling said connection; a pressure devicecontrolling said valve; the valve K controlling a connection to said pressure device; a pressure-actuated motor controlling said valve K a duct leading from the opposite side of the motor to which pressure is admitted; and means for turning in an actuating fluid for balancing said pressure device and. motor to effect the closing of said valves. 91.`v In an apparatus for actuating liquids;

fthe combination withy a pump-chamber;

means for admitting liquid to said chamber; means for conveying liquid from said chamber; a valve controlling said connection; a pressure'device controlling said valve; a passage leading from said pressure device to a point remote from the chamber; the chamber i2 at the bottom cf said passage and valvej3 arranged in said chamberfcr the purpose'described.

f 92.V ln an apparatusy for actuating liquids, `the combinationfivith `a pump -chamber means for admitting liquid to said chamber;

liquid from said cham--y IOO IIO 

